Heart disease refers to a group of conditions that affect the structure or function of the heart. The most common type of heart disease is coronary artery disease, which occurs when plaque builds up in the walls of the arteries that supply blood to the heart muscle. This can lead to angina (chest pain) or a heart attack.
Other types of heart disease include:
Arrhythmia: This refers to an abnormal heartbeat, either too slow or too fast. It can cause dizziness, lightheadedness, or fainting.
Valvular heart disease: This occurs when the valves in the heart do not work properly, either due to damage or a congenital defect. This can lead to blood flowing in the wrong direction or not enough blood flowing through the heart.
Cardiomyopathy: This refers to a condition in which the heart muscle becomes enlarged, thickened, or rigid. This can make it difficult for the heart to pump blood effectively.
Congenital heart disease: This refers to heart defects that are present at birth. These can include holes in the heart or problems with the heart valves.
The causes of heart disease can vary depending on the type of condition. However, some common risk factors include:
High blood pressure
High cholesterol levels
Smoking
Diabetes
Family history of heart disease
Obesity
Sedentary lifestyle
Stress
Symptoms of heart disease can also vary depending on the type of condition. However, some common symptoms include:
Chest pain or discomfort (angina)
Shortness of breath
Irregular heartbeat
Fatigue
Swelling in the legs, ankles, or feet
Dizziness or lightheadedness
Nausea or vomiting
If you experience any of these symptoms, it is important to speak with your healthcare provider as soon as possible. Early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent complications and improve outcomes.
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